ATMac

Guest post by Josh de Lioncourt of Lioncourt.com. This is information about VoiceOver and Mac OS X accessibility for blind and vision impaired people, especially comparing accessibility for OS X and Windows.

Please feel free to pass this on to any individual or list that might benefit. I’d appreciate credit for it, but that is not required.

The following list is not all inclusive, but it does provide information on the most commonly held Mac myths in the VI community. I hope you find this list informative and helpful.

Myth: VoiceOver does not include scripting functionality, like that in Jaws for Windows, rendering it less useful than its Windows counterparts.

Truth: While VoiceOver itself does not include scripting functionality, the Mac OS X operating system does. AppleScript provides a great deal of similar functionality and features visually impaired Windows users are used to in Jaws scripts, and then some. Other tools, such as the Automator are also available, which may be used in enhancing access to applications and the OS. The upshot to all of which is, of course, that VoiceOver does not need to duplicate that which the operating system already provides.

Myth: iTunes is not accessible on the Mac with VoiceOver.

Truth: iTunes is nearly entirely accessible with VoiceOver, and has been steadily improving as updates to Apple's media player have been released through the course of 2007. VoiceOver users can easily browse, organize, listen to, and manage their music and playlists, as well as work with the content on their iPods. One limitation at present is the ability to purchase entire albums from the iTunes store, though as accessibility improvements continue, this will likely be available in the future. Purchases can be made on a song-by-song basis. [iTunes was not accessible with VoiceOver until earlier in 2007, so this myth is very understandable. - Ricky]

Myth: VoiceOver is very limited due to its lack of using an OSM (off screen model).

Truth: Windows screen readers that do not use an OSM are severely limited, which is likely where this misconception arises. Mac has a much more robust and well-designed accessibility infrastructure. It has undergone radical renovations in recent years, and has been designed with accessibility in mind. Unlike Windows, OSM's are not critical to making the OS and third-party applications accessible. Just like Windows, visually impaired users will suffer inaccessibility when trying to use applications which are highly graphical in nature. Overall access between the two systems is very comparable, with Mac surpassing Windows in many key areas, due to its better accessibility framework.

Myth: There is no Braille display support on the Mac.

Truth: Currently it is possible to use a Braille display while using terminal applications on the Mac. Apple has stated that more robust Braille display support will be available in VoiceOver when the next version of Mac OS X, V10.5, is released this fall. [Here's a link to Apple's website referring to braille accessibility for OS X 10.5 - aka Lepoard - which also mentions other accessibility improvements coming up. Also, because OS X is based on Unix, there is very little that can't be done from the Terminal if you are willing to fiddle with things. - Ricky]

Myth: You cannot produce or emboss Braille content from a Mac.

Truth: Many free open source tools, complete with GUI interfaces, have been developed for the Mac for just such a purpose. Louis for Mac is a great tool for Braille translation into a variety of languages, and is freely available at
http://w3.wmcnet.org/braille/louis/.

Myth: You cannot perform OCR with a Mac.

Truth: While not entirely flawless solutions, several OCR packages for Mac are perfectly usable with VoiceOver, including the popular OmniPage. For users with less robust needs, several Canon CanoScan models of scanner come with basic accessible OCR software for less than $80 all inclusive.

Myth: You can't read PDF files with VoiceOver.

Truth: Reading PDF files with VoiceOver is simple and painless, and is far easier with the Mac's built-in Preview program for PDF viewing than with Adobe Acrobat Reader under Windows with Windows screen readers.

Myth: VoiceOver has not been updated in over two years.

Truth: VoiceOver is an integral part of the operating system. As software and components of the operating system are updated, accessibility with VoiceOver often improves. VoiceOver itself does not need to have new releases for better performance, and indeed we have seen a number of OS updates that have improved accessibility on the Mac.

Myth: Most software for the Mac doesn't work with VoiceOver.

Truth: Most modern software for the Mac is developed with Cocoa, a derivitive of Objective C. Cocoa provides inherent accessibility functionality, and the XCode tools needed to build Cocoa applications is available with every Mac. Most Mac software developed in the last several years will work well to stellar with VoiceOver without any effort on the part of the third-party developer. As a result, a treasure trove of Mac freeware and shareware is available that works out of the box with VoiceOver. Much of this software can be found at
http://www.pure-mac.com
and a newly begun list of software and its accessibility rating with VoiceOver can be found at
http://w3.wmcnet.org/vo/.

Myth: VoiceOver requires you to learn a huge array of extremely complicated commands to use the OS effectively.

Truth: VoiceOver commands are logical and designed not to conflict with application or OS commands. The Mac OS provides built-in navigation similar to what Windows users are accustomed to, such as tab to move from control to control, and spacebar to activate them. VoiceOver navigation and usage is no more complex than any other screen reader on any other platform, though it is significantly innovative in its strategy.

– Josh de Lioncourt

[Ed: I encourage anyone interested in more information about VoiceOver and the accessibility of OS X to join the Mac Visionaries mailing list and ask questions. - Ricky Buchanan]